新见汉学家龙彼得藏中国民间说唱文本《汉口宣讲》考述——兼论清末民初汉口训俗类善书的刊刻及宣讲

A Study on Hankou Xuan Jiang——A Ballad Literature Script Collected by the Dutch Sinologist Piet van der Loon

《汉口宣讲》为荷兰籍汉学家龙彼得所藏民国年间刊刻之宣讲集,尘封邺架已久,历来未见于学界著述。作为清末民初的一种民间说唱艺术,宣讲承载着道德教化、娱乐民众、范世训俗等多重文化功能。《汉口宣讲》内容丰富,既有传承千年的民间传说,又有自元至清各种孝悌贞烈、旌善惩恶、因果报应故事,某些哄传一时的新闻也被采用,具有一定的时效性和震慑力。其韵散结合、文备众体、通俗晓畅的书写风格,展现了这种民间说唱艺术的独特魅力。而书名冠以"汉口",亦绝非偶然,彰显了江汉平原源远流长的善书宣讲传统,以及清末民初商贸重镇汉口繁盛的图书刊刻营销业。

Hankou Xuan Jiang is a set of preaching works published during the Republic of China and collected by the Dutch Sinologist Piet van der Loon, which has been dust-laden for a long time and has overlooked in academic writings. As a kind of ballad arts in late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China, the preaching carries multiple cultural functions such as moral education, entertainment, demonstrating and enlightening common people. Hankou Xuan Jiang is rich in content, which includes not only the folklores that has been passed down for thousands of years, but also various kinds of filial piety and chastity, rewarding good and punishing evil, as well as karma stories. Meanwhile, some rumored news has also been adopted, which gives it certain timeliness and shocking power. The writing style of Hankou Xuan Jiang, including the combination of rhyme and prose, the integration of a variety of literary styles, as well as the popularity and fluency, shows the unique charm of the ballad art. It is not accidental that the title of the book is Hankou, for which highlights the long-standing tradition of good writing and preaching in Jianghan Plain, and the flourishing book publishing-and-marketing industry in Hankou, which serves as an important com mercial and trade town in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.