美国语言政策及其对我国民族地区双语教育的启示

American Language Policies and Their Implications on Bilingual Education in Minority Areas of China

语言政策是国家政策的重要组成部分。美国在联邦政府层面没有强制性的语言政策,但州政府在移民语言和民族语言的传递历程中极力维护英语的强势地位,对其他语言采取了排斥的态度。作为美国学校语言教育重要内容的外语课程和双语课程发展不是很顺利,正面临严峻挑战,但家庭语言教育则呈现出灵活多变的特征。美国语言教育政策对我国民族地区双语教育的启示包括:营造语言学习环境、保护和开发民族语言资源、鼓励社会力量参与民族语言教育。

Language policy is an important part of national policies.There is no compulsory language policy at the level of federal government of the US while the state governments have been trying to repress other languages and maintain the powerful status of English in the process of passing on immigrant and heritage languages.As an important part of language education at school,foreign language courses and dual language bilingual education programs are facing with great challenges while family language education is developing prosperously.The implications of American language policy on bilingual education in minority areas of China include:construct positive language learning environment,exploit rich language learning resources and encourage social groups to participate in minority language education.