草原生态保护补助奖励政策牧民满意度及影响因素研究

Satisfaction level, and factors influencing satisfaction of herdsmen with the grassland ecological protection subsidy incentive policy

基于内蒙古自治区草甸草原、典型草原、荒漠草原、沙地草原、草原化荒漠五大草原类型15个旗(县)632户牧民的调研数据,采用多元有序Logistic回归模型,就内蒙古自治区草原生态保护补助奖励政策牧民满意度及其影响因素进行实证研究。结果表明:1)内蒙古自治区草原生态保护补助奖励政策牧户满意度较高,均值为2.61;2)内蒙古自治区牧民政策满意度由高到低依次排序为:沙地草原>草甸草原>荒漠草原>草原化荒漠>典型草原(P<0.01),存在显著的区域差异;3)户主年龄、草场流转情况、草畜平衡补奖收入、家畜数量变化情况和政策执行情况对牧民的政策满意度产生显著影响;4)政策满意度为非常满意、一般满意和不满意的牧民在人口统计变量上无显著差异,表现出政策实施无差异的良好特性;三类牧民的政策满意度与草场资源拥有量和草畜平衡补奖收入呈逆向关系,与政策实施效果呈正向关系。

This study used a multivariate ordered logistic regression model to examine satisfaction with the Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidy Incentive policy, and factors influencing satisfaction for 632 herdsmen in the meadow steppe, typical steppe, desert steppe, sandy steppe and desert regions in Inner Mongolia. It was found that: 1) The herdsmen were generally well satisfied with the policy;as indicated by an average score of 2.61 on a 1-3 scale. 2) There were regional differences in satisfaction score. The regional rankings for satisfaction were: sandy steppe>meadow steppe>desert steppe>desert>typical steppe. 3) Satisfaction with the policy tended to be higher when the household head was older, when farmers owned higher numbers of livestock, or when farmers exercised their grassland management policy transfer right, to move from the grass-livestock balance incentive scheme to the grassland ecological protection subsidy incentive scheme. 4) There were no significant demographic differences among the herdsmen who were very satisfied, generally satisfied or unsatisfied with the policy. However, satisfaction was negatively correlated with the area of grassland owned by the herdsmen, and positively correlated with the level of support received under the policy.