干旱对大豆根系生育的影响及灌溉缓解效应研究进展

Research progress in understanding the effects of drought on growth of the soybean root system and the efficiency of irrigation

干旱影响大豆生育进程,能够明显改变根系发育及相关生理过程,进而影响大豆产量。合理灌溉能够调控干旱对大豆生育的干扰。以大豆根系为主要论述基础,阐述了干旱对大豆生育进程的影响,介绍了干旱后大豆根系分布及生理变化机制,分析了合理灌溉对调控干旱的积极效应。以合理灌溉调节大豆干旱为出发点,以降低大豆生产损失、提高水分利用效率为目的,讨论了大豆抗旱领域研究的现状和趋势,对大豆节水抗旱增产具有重要意义,也为今后大豆抗旱研究提供理论依据。

Drought interferes with soybean growth processes and causes significant changes to root system development and related physiological processes, thus reducing crop yield. Irrigation can mitigate drought effects on soybean production. This review focuses on the soybean root system;effects of drought on soybean growth processes are elaborated, the root system distribution and the mechanisms of physiological change following drought are discussed, and positive effects of appropriate irrigation on soybean crop development are indicated. Tactical irrigation strategies aimed at minimizing the loss of soybean yield caused by drought and achieving increased water use efficiency are discussed, and the emerging directions and status of soybean research in drought prone regions are reported. This paper thus provides a theoretical basis for future research into drought-resistance of soybean, and is of significance to achievement of water savings, drought-resistance and yield increase of soybean grown in drier areas.