非NICU住院患儿母亲母乳喂养自我效能现状及影响因素分析

Self-efficacy and its influencing factors analysis of breastfeeding among mothers of non-NICU hospitalized children

目的调查非新生儿重症监护病房(Neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)住院患儿母亲母乳喂养自我效能现状,并探讨其相关因素,为临床制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法选取2017年9-12月在上海市儿童医院非NICU住院的母乳喂养患儿的母亲80例。采用一般资料问卷和母乳喂养自我效能简式量表进行问卷调查,对影响母乳喂养自我效能的因素进行单因素分析。结果母乳喂养自我效能简式量表得分最低的3个条目均属于技能维度;而最高的3个条目均属于内心活动维度。单因素分析显示,患儿入院时第一疾病诊断、出生体质量母乳喂养自我效能评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),晚期足月儿母亲母乳喂养自我效能高于早期和完全足月儿的母亲,患儿的周龄与母亲母乳喂养自我效能感关系呈反比,巨大儿母亲母乳喂养自我效能较低。结论非NICU患儿母亲的母乳喂养自我效能评分水平处于中等偏上水平,医疗机构可针对相关影响因素制定针对性干预措施,关注患儿和特殊情况下的母乳喂养,进一步提高母乳喂养自我效能水平,从而提高母乳喂养率,促进母婴健康。

Objective To investigation the breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers of non NICU hospitalized neonates, and to analyze the related factors for providing scientific basis for clinical intervention. Methods 80 mothers of breast-fed children in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Shanghai children's hospital from September to December 2017 were selected. General information questionnaire and breast-feeding self-efficacy scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey. Analyze the factors affecting breast-feeding self-efficacy. Results The three items with the lowest score in the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale belong to the skill dimension, while the three items with the highest score belong to the inner activity dimension. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the diagnosis of the first disease and the self-efficacy score of breastfeeding on birth weight ( P <0.05). The self-efficacy of breastfeeding of late full-term mothers is higher than that of early and full-term mothers. The relationship between the age of children and the self-efficacy of breastfeeding of mothers is inversely proportional. The self-efficacy of breastfeeding of macrosomia mothers is lower. Conclusions The self-efficacy level of breastfeeding of mothers with non-NICU children is at a moderate to slightly higher level. Medical institutions can formulate targeted interventions according to the relevant influencing factors, pay attention to breastfeeding of children with NICU and special circumstances, and further improve the self-efficacy level of breastfeeding, so as to improve the breastfeeding rate and promote the health of mothers and infants.