乡村振兴战略背景下西藏农牧区最低生活保障制度的发展

Development of the Subsistence Security System in Tibetan Agricultural and Pastoral Areas under the Strategy for Rural Revitalization

社会救助制度在扶贫开发中发挥着重要兜底保障的功能,是实施乡村振兴战略的基础。最低生活保障制度是社会救助制度的核心组成部分,制度的实施直接作用于脱贫的成效和乡村振兴目标的实现。西藏自治区农牧区最低生活保障制度的发展是中国到2050年乡村全面振兴,农业强、农村美、农民富全面实现的关键。文章通过对2010年以来西藏自治区低保制度的发展、保障人数和保障标准的纵向变化、低保标准占居民人均收入的比例等进行现状分析,从低保标准、家庭收入和财产核查、低保资格认定、城乡发展等方面对目前西藏自治区的低保制度进行了评价。从前瞻性视角看,应当从制度设计层面、财政支持视角等方面,促进社会救助制度从兜底性向发展性转变。

The social assistance system plays a basic role in poverty alleviation.It is the basis for implementing the rural revitalization strategy.The subsistence security system is the core component of the social assistance system.The implementation of the system directly affects the effectiveness of poverty alleviation and the realization of rural revitalization goals.The development of the subsistence security system in the agricultural and pastoral areas of the Tibet Autonomous Region is the key to the full revitalization of rural areas in China by 2050,and the pathway to a flourishing agriculture,rural beauty and rural wealth.This paper analyzes the development of the Tibet Autonomous Region’s subsistence security system,the vertical change of the number of people receiving guarantees and the standard of guarantees,and the ratio of the minimum living standard to the per capita income of the residents since 2010,and evaluates the current subsistence security system in the Tibet Autonomous Region by looking at the minimum living standard,household income and property verification,minimum living security qualification recognition,and urban and rural development,etc.From a forward-looking perspective,we should take institutional and financial measures to promote the transformation of the social assistance system from a basic guarantee system to a developing one.