我国碳交易实践及其法律促导机制分析——以《巴黎协定》为背景

Analysis of China's Carbon Trading Practice and its Legal Promotion Mechanism——On Background of Paris Agreement

由于直接涉及全球气候变暖这一典型公共问题,且可有效促进气候、市场、资本以及技术要素的有机结合,碳交易已成为应对气候变化及加快低碳经济发展的有效制度安排,进而成为世界各国落实《巴黎协定》框架下国家自主贡献的重要选择。从实证分析视角来看,我国碳交易实践虽普遍开展,但其相应法律促导机制还存在诸多不足:国家层面尚缺乏有效、详细的碳交易规则;地方上各地出台的碳交易规范尚待统一;已颁布的有关法律规范内容实效性有待提升。为进一步提高我国碳交易制度的实践绩效,未来应从以下几方面加以完善:适时出台统一的碳交易规则,以加强碳交易法律促导机制的规范性、权威性;完善既有碳交易法律促导机制内容,增强制度的实施性、实效性;适时出台国家层面碳交易平台建设立法,构建统一、有效的碳交易平台体系;解决碳交易有关制度之间的衔接问题。

Because it is related to the issue of global warming and effectively promoting the combination of climate, market, capital and technological factors, carbon trading has become an effective institutional arrangement for improving climate change and accelerating the development of low-carbon economy, and has become an important choice for countries in the world to implement their national independent contribution under the framework of the Paris Agreement. From the perspective of empirical analysis, China s carbon trading practice has been widely carried out, but there are still many shortcomings in the corresponding legal guidance mechanism: on the national level, there is still a lack of effective and detailed carbon trading rules;carbon trading regulations promulgated by local governments need to be unified;the effectiveness of the promulgated relevant laws and regulations needs to be improved. In order to further improve the practical performance of the system, we should improve it in the future by putting forward uniform carbon trading rules in time to strengthen the standardization and authority of the legal guidance mechanism of carbon trading, improving the content of existing carbon trading legal promotion mechanism to enhance the implementation and effectiveness of the system, prompting legislation on carbon trading platform construction at national level to build a unified and effective carbon trading platform system, improving the linkage between the related systems of carbon trading.