生物发酵制药VOCs与嗅味治理技术研究与发展

VOCs and Odors Control and Development in Pharmaceutical Fermentation Industry

挥发性有机物(VOCs)和异味是生物发酵制药行业排放的主要污染物质,对人体健康和生态环境有潜在危害.目前,针对生物发酵制药行业VOCs和异味污染特征及防控技术的基础研究较少,有关制药企业VOCs和异味污染在监管和治理方面均缺乏充分的理论指导,甚至导致个别药企因环保措施治理不到位而只得搬迁的情况.本文以生物发酵制药行业作为研究对象,总结了不同生产流程、污水处理站和菌渣处理阶段VOCs和异味的污染特征,并在此基础上系统概述了应用于VOCs和异味末端治理技术的发展现状.因此,为更好地解决生物发酵制药行业VOCs和异味污染问题,未来应重点在以下4个方面开展工作:①优化生产工艺,实现污染物的源头削减;②开展针对发酵制药行业VOCs和异味的污染特征研究,建立快速、有效追溯VOCs和异味污染来源的方法;③针对VOCs和异味的污染特征,筛选高效和经济的治理技术;④推进生物发酵制药行业VOCs和异味排放标准和技术规程的制定和实施.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and odors, which pose potential hazards to human health and the ecosystem, are two of the most important pollutants emitted from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry. Currently, basic research on the characteristics of the pollution and effective prevention technology for VOCs and odors emitted from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry are limited. Specifically, the pharmaceutical fermentation industry lacks adequate theoretical guidance on the supervision and control of VOCs and odors, and some companies even face relocations. Using the pharmaceutical fermentation industry as the study object, the pollution characteristics of VOCs and odors emitted from different production workshops, sewage treatment stations, and the disposal of pharmaceutical residues were assessed. Based on the studies above, the progress of research into representative control technologies were also reviewed systematically. For VOCs and odors control in the pharmaceutical fermentation industry, four suggestions for future research were proposed:① The production processes should be optimized, and the discharge of pollution should be reduced throughout the entire processes;② Basic research should be carried out on the pollution characteristics of the VOCs and odors emitted from the pharmaceutical fermentation industry, and a rapid and effective method to trace the sources of VOCs and odors should be established;③ A comprehensive evaluation of control technologies should be conducted, taking cost and efficiency into account;④ Emission standards and technical orders for VOCs and odors in the pharmaceutical fermentation industry should be formulated and implemented immediately.