包头市2013年-2017年流行性感冒监测结果分析

Analysis of influenza monitoring in Baotou during 2013-2017

目的分析既往5年包头市流感监测结果,归纳流感流行趋势和变化规律,为今后流感的防控工作提供有力的科学依据。方法以real-time PCR法对2家哨点医院流感样病例咽拭子进行病毒核酸检测,并对病原学检测数据进行统计学分析。结果 2013年1月-2017年12月共检测样本6 173份,检出流感病毒核酸阳性标本603份,阳性率为9.77%。其中新甲H1N1亚型187份(31.01%);季节性H3亚型206份(34.16%);乙型163份(27.03%);混合型(新甲H1N1亚型与季节性H3亚型)47份(7.80%)。每年11月-次年4月是流感高发期,并于12月和次年1月达到高峰。5岁～15岁组阳性率最高(14.47%),流感病毒感染无性别差异。结论包头市流感活动的规律较为明显,存在季节性和周期性。新甲H1N1亚型、季节性H3亚型、乙型流感病毒株交替成为流感优势毒株。

Objective The results of influenza monitoring in Baotou for recent five years were analyzed,and the trend and regularity of influenza epidemic were summarized,so as to provide an scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in the future.Methods Real-time PCR was employed for virus nucleic acid detection of flu test samples from two hospitals and the etiological data was analyzed statistically.Results A total of 6 173 samples were detected from January 2013 to December 2017.603 samples were positive in influenza virus nucleic acid detection,and the positive rate was 9.77%,including 187 samples of A HlN1 subtype(31.01%),206 samples of seasonal H3 subtype(34.16%),163 samples of flu B(27.03%),47 samples of mixed type(A HlN1 subtype and seasonal H3)(7.80%).November to April was the high incidence season of influenza and reached peak from December to the next January.The most positive rate(14.47%)was observed in 5-15 years old people and there was no gender difference in influenza virus infection.Conclusion The influenza activity of Baotou was regular and showed the characteristics of season and periodicity.A HlN1 subtype,seasonal H3 subtype and B type alternatively became dominant influenza strain.