论战国纵横家的“诡道”运思

A Review of the Application of “Deception” Thinking by the Political Strategist in the Warring Sates Period

战国纵横家是在政治和外交上运用"诡道"的大师。他们用利而诱之、卑而骄之、轻诺寡信、蒙坑诈骗、纵横捭阖、挑拨离间、连环设局等策略,以如簧之舌游说诸侯,推行"合纵"或"连横"的策略,获取高官显爵和富贵利禄。尽管他们不设道德底线,唯利是图,人格卑微,但在中国走向统一的历史大趋势下,成为推动社会前进的不自觉的历史工具。

The political strategists in the Warring States Period were great masters who applied“deception”in the political and diplomatic fields.By utilizing the strategies of“holding out baits to entice the enemy”,“pretending weak to make the enemies arrogant”,making a promise lightly and break it easily,fraud,alienating one person from another,and setting continuous traps,they lobbied the dukes to promote the strategies of“vertical alliance”or“horizontal alliance”in an effort to obtain the high official positions or rich interest.Despite that they had no lowest permissible level of virtue,worked exclusively for profit,and had humble personalities,under the circumstance that China tended to be united,they unconsciously become the historic tool promoting the social progress.