“对位共存”何以可能——马克思主义视域下对萨义德《简·奥斯汀与帝国》等著作的再思考

How to Coexist Contrapuntally: Re-examining Said’s Jane Austen and the Empire and Other Works in the View of Marxism

萨义德在《简·奥斯汀与帝国》中运用"对位阅读"的方法,指出了简·奥斯汀小说《曼斯菲尔德庄园》背后的政治经济问题。"对位阅读"方法体现了萨义德的理论资源——马克思主义唯物主义和福柯的权力话语理论,同时也体现了萨义德后殖民理论的发展。从《简·奥斯汀与帝国》到《文化与帝国主义》,萨义德秉持着"对位共存"的文化融合立场,而在马克思主义理论家看来,这是适应新的全球资本主义形势而出现的文化理论。对于"对位共存",应当用马克思主义理论再作思考,认识到"文化共存"的真正实现是离不开以经济发展为基础的人的解放。

In the thesis Jane Austen and the Empire,Said points out the political and economic problems behind Jane Austen’s novel Mansfield Park by means of “contrapuntal reading”.The “contrapuntal reading” reflects Said’s theoretical resources,which are Marxist materialism and Foucault’s power of discourse,as well as Said’s development of postcolonialism.From Jane Austen and the Empire to Culture and Imperialism,Said holds the position of cultural integration of “contrapuntal coexistence”,which,in the view of Marxist theorists,is a cultural theory emerging in response to the new global capitalist situation.“Contrapuntal coexistence” should be re-examined in the view of Marxism and it should be established that the true fulfillment of cultural coexistence is inseparable from the liberation of people based on economic development.