中国近代的美术公共精神

The Public Spirit of Fine Arts in Modern China

1895年,甲午中日战争中国战败,中国社会开始转型,“美术”一词也开始大量从日本传入中国。20世纪初年,梁启超、王国维、严复等知识精英从“新民”理想出发,赋予“美术”一词以追求独立、真理和公德的人文思想出于文化民族主义,国粹派的知识分子也从理论上梳理着中国美术学。将“美术”的位置抬高至经学的地位。有关“美术”思想在普世过程中.在工商实业、教育、传媒等各个公共领域.推动着社会变化.体现各改良派别所主张的公共精神。

China started the society transformation after being defeated in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, and then the word "fine arts" was introduced into China from Japan. In the early 20th century, Liang Qichao, Wang Guowci, Yan Fu and some other incellectual elites started from the ideal of urenovating rhe people to be better" to endowed the word "fine arts" with the humanistic thought of pursuing in dependence, truth and social morality. Because of the standpoint of cultural nation al ism, the intellectuals of the school of Chinese culture quintessence also analyzed Chinese art in theory, and "fine arts" was considered as important as Confucian classics. As the thoughts of "fine arts" became more and more universal, they promoted rhe social changes in the industry, commerce, education, media and some ocher public spheres, such as, embodying the public spirit advocated by every school of reformists.