海分枝杆菌-斑马鱼模型的抗结核研究进展

Progress in the anti-tuberculosis research of the zebrafish model of Mycobacterium marinum-tuberculosis

斑马鱼(Danio rerio,Zebrafish)模型是研究宿主-病原体相互作用的有力平台。因为其光学透明特性,斑马鱼幼虫感染模型有利于探索在活脊椎动物体内实时观察海洋分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium marinum, M. marinum)感染的早期阶段的发病机制。此外,斑马鱼幼虫免疫系统提供了探索海洋分枝杆菌与宿主免疫作用机制的条件。还因斑马鱼发育周期短、繁殖产量高、饲养条件低而备受欢迎,而海分枝杆菌因其实验环境要求低,基因相似性与结核分枝杆菌高而作为研究结核的备选细菌。因此,斑马鱼-海分枝杆菌感染模型的使用成为揭示结核病发病机制并研发药物的有效途径之一。

Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) is a powerful model animal for studies on host-pathogen interactions. Because of its optical transparency, the zebrafish larval infection model facilitates exploring the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium infection in vivo in real time. In addition, the immune system of zebrafish larvae provides the conditions to explore the mechanisms of immune interactions between Mycobacterium marinum and the host. It is also popular because of its short development cycle, high reproductive yield, and low feeding conditions. Mycobacterium marinum is an alternative bacterium for tuberculosis research, because of its simple environmental requirements and high genetic similarity with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, the zebrafish-Mycobacterium marinum infection model has become one of the most effective research tools to reveal the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and develop drugs.