桶混添加辛癸基葡糖苷和甲基化植物油对2种玉米田除草剂的减量效应

Reduction Effects of 2 Herbicides by Adding Octyl Glucoside and Methylation Plant Oil in Maize Fields

为了明确辛癸基葡糖苷和甲基化植物油2种助剂对玉米田除草剂的减量效应,在陇东旱塬生态条件下,以辛癸基葡糖苷和甲基化植物油分别作为乙·莠和苯唑草酮+莠去津的喷雾助剂,田间测定2种除草剂在不同施用剂量、不同兑水量下桶混添加助剂对控草效果、玉米产量和玉米收益的影响。结果表明,450～675 kg·hm^(-2)兑水量下,桶混添加辛癸基葡糖苷可使40%乙·莠SE的施用量降至2 700 mL·hm^(-2),较常用量减少40%,对阔叶杂草的株防效和鲜质量防效仍分别保持在82%以上和92%以上,对禾本科杂草的株防效和鲜质量防效均保持在60%以上,玉米产量损失可控制在5.50%以下,玉米纯收益可达到5 791.31元·hm^(-2)以上;桶混添加甲基化植物油可使"苯唑草酮+莠去津"中的30%苯唑草酮SC和90%莠去津WG的施用量分别降至60 mL·hm^(-2)和600 g·hm^(-2),较常用量分别减少69.23%和52.94%,对阔叶杂草的株防效和鲜质量防效仍分别保持在66%以上和93%以上,对禾本科杂草的株防效和鲜质量防效仍分别保持在80%左右和86%以上,玉米产量损失可控制在3.50%以下,玉米纯收益可达到5 885.75元·hm^(-2)以上。可见,在确保450～675 kg·hm^(-2)的兑水量下,桶混添加辛癸基葡糖苷对乙·莠和桶混添加甲基化植物油对苯唑草酮+莠去津均有明显的减量效应。

In order to clarify the reduction effects of two herbicides by adding octyl glucoside and methylation plant oil in maize field under ecological conditions of the dryland in East Gansu. Octyl glucoside and methylation plant oil were used as spray adjuvants for acetochlor·atrazine 40% SE and topramezone 30% SC+atrazine 90%WG,respectively. We determined the effects of adjuvants in two herbicides with different dose and water on weed control by field experiment.The results showed that the plant control and fresh mass control of broad leaf weeds reached over 82% and 92%,the plant control and the fresh mass control of grass weeds were above 60% with acetochlor·atrazine 40% SE,which Octyl glucoside in 450-675 kg·hm-2 water consumption was added,the dose of acetochlor·atrazine 40% SE decreased to 2 700 mL·hm^-2,40% less than the amount used,the loss of maize yield was controlled below 5.50%,and the the net income of maize reached over 5 791.31 yuan·hm^-2. The plant control and fresh mass control of broad leaf weeds reached over 66% and 93%,the plant control and the fresh mass control of grass weeds reached over 80% and 86% with topramezone 30%SC+atrazine 90%WG which adds methylation plant oil,the application rates of topramezone 30% SC and atrazine 90% WG were 60 mL·hm^-2 and 600 g·hm^-2,reduced by 69.23% and 52.94%,respectively. The loss of the maize yield was controlled below 3.50%,and the net income of maize reached over 5 885.75 yuan·hm^-2. It can be seen that acetochlor·atrazine 40% SE with adddition of Octyl glucoside and topramezone 30%SC+atrazine 90%WG,and addition of methylation plant oil has significant reduction effects in 450-675 kg·hm^-2 water consumption.