小麦阿拉伯木聚糖的益生功能及对肠道微生态的调节

The Probiotic Function of Wheat Arabinoxylan and Its Regulation of Intestinal Microecology

病原体的耐药性日渐增大,替代抗生素的益生元成为近年来研究的热点问题。小麦阿拉伯木聚糖(AX)及水解产物阿拉伯低聚木糖(AXOS)作为一种新型益生元,对人和动物肠道益生菌有特异性增殖效果。此外,与菊粉等益生元相比,降解后的小麦AX显著提高小鼠结肠和盲肠短链脂肪酸的含量及其抗肿瘤免疫活性。最新研究表明,添加GH11木聚糖酶(50mg EP/kg)能够溶解和降解麦麸AX,并产生可通过盲肠微生物群发酵的低平均聚合度(av DP值为4～8)的AXOS,丁酸水平增加2mmol (P <0. 05),产丁酸的细菌属柔嫩梭菌和肠单胞球菌显著增加,而拟杆菌的水平显著降低,导致微生物群移位并对体外跨上皮耐药性有益。本文主要介绍近年来关于小麦AX、AXOS益生功能及对肠道微生态的研究,为小麦产品及饲粮的有效利用与开发提供科学依据。

The pathogen resistance is increasing,prebiotics replace antibiotics become a hot topic in recent years.As novel prebiotics,wheat arabinoxylan(AX)and its hydrolyzate arabinoxylan(AXOS)show better proliferation effects on intestinal probiotics in human and animals.In addition,compared with the prebiotics such as inulin,the degraded wheat AX significantly increased the content of short-chain fatty acids in the mouse colon and cecum,and the antitumor immunity in mice,and new research have shown that GH11 xylanase(50 mg EP/kg)was able to solubilise and degrade wheat bran AX to yield low average degree of polymerization(avDP values 4~8)AXOS that can be fermented by cecal microbiota,and increased(P<0.05)butyrate levelsby 2mmol compared to control by adding enzyme dosage.Butyrate-producing bacterial genera Faecalibacterium and Intestinimonas were significantly increased,while Bacteroidetes levels were significantly lowered.This article mainly introduced the research on probiotics and the intestinal microecology of wheat AX and AXOS in recent years,which provided scientific basis for the effective utilization and development of wheat products and diets.