类AHW助推滑翔飞行器气动布局优化设计分析

Study on the optimization and aerodynamics characteristics analysis for AHW analog boost gliding vehicle

AHW作为美国首飞即成功完成高超声速助推滑翔飞行试验的飞行器受到越来越多的关注。本文针对该类钝双锥十字形小尺寸弹翼外形气动布局阶段的共性问题进行了研究。基于参数化方法建立的基本外形和工程气动力估算模型,采用正交设计方法进行了参数敏感性分析,并对正交优化结果进行了数值模拟验证分析,在此基础上利用多目标优化方法完成了弹体布局的进一步优化。同时在优化外形基础上考虑气动特性以及总体和防热需求,对操纵面的类型、质心与操纵面尺寸配置以及操纵效率进行了探讨分析,给出了气动布局建议。研究表明,该类布局方式可以获得较高的配平升力、配平升阻比及容积率,并且合理的质心位置/舵面尺寸的组合可以实现操纵性需求,是高超声速滑翔飞行器的一种潜在布局方案。

AHW has been attracting more and more attention since its first hypersonic boost-glide flight test by the United States succeeds.In this paper,studies were performed on aerodynamics configuration optimization about biconic body with cruciform small size flaps.The basic configuration was generated by parameterized modeling method and the orthogonal design was adopted to conduct the parameter sensitivity analysis.Numerical simulations were performed to verify the results and analysis of the optimization.In addition to,the optimized biconic body was achieved by multi-objective optimization method.Based on the optimized configuration,the analysis of aerodynamic characteristics and the aerodynamic control surface matching,press center,mass center location,corresponding control efficiency under global constraint condition,and heat protection requirement are conducted.Moreover,the configuration design advice was given.The analysis shows that the proposed vehicle is optimized with higher lift,lift to drag ratio and volumetric efficiency,as well as better trimming and control efficiency.The result indicates that a glide vehicle with biconic body and cruciform small size flaps is one of the possible choices for hypersonic boost glide.The configuration needs to be further investigated.