不同时空尺度下近海日本鲭栖息地模型比较

Comparison of habitat suitability index model for Scomber japonicus in different spatial and temporal scales

根据2003—2011年7—9月近海日本鲭生产数据,结合海洋遥感获取的海表温度(SST)和海面高度数据(SSH),利用作业网次与SST和SSH的关系建立适应性指数(SI)模型,将时间和空间尺度分别划分为3个级别,建立9个不同时空尺度下的栖息地适应性指数(HSI)模型,分析比较得出不同时空尺度下近海日本鲭栖息地适应性指数最优模型,并对最优模型进行验证。结果显示,时间尺度为月,空间尺度为1°×1°是建立近海日本鲭栖息地适应性指数模型的最适时空尺度,当HSI大于0.6时,作业网次比重为75.42%,当HSI小于0.4时,作业网次比重为12.93%。利用2012年7—9月生产数据对最优模型进行验证,结果显示,当HSI大于0.6时,作业网次比重为60.89%,当HSI小于0.4时,作业网次比重为13.88%。研究表明,在建立鱼类栖息地适应性指数模型时,需要考虑海洋环境因子的时空尺度,以便更好地预测中心渔场。

Marine fishery fishing operations are carried out in different spatial and temporal scales,and the distribution of fish may vary with the spatial-temporal scale.Spatial and temporal scales play a vital role in the study of marine fishery habitat,but there were few researches on the comparison of habitat suitability index models in different spatial-temporal scales.In this study,based on the statistical data of Scomber japonicus from July to September in 2003 2011,combined with the data of sea surface temperature(SST)and sea surface height(SSH)obtained by ocean remote sensing,using arithmetic mean model(AM)and the relationship between SST and SSH to build habitat suitability index model(HSI).The study divided the sea surface temperature(SST)and sea surface height(SSH)into different spatial and temporal scales.Spatial scales included 0.25°×0.25°,0.5°×0.5°and 1°×1°,temporal scales included weekly,ten days and monthly.A total of 9 HSI models were constructed in different spatial-temporal scales.The results indicated that spatial scale of 1°×1°and temporal scale of monthly were the most optimum spatial-temporal scales.When HSI value was greater than 0.6,the percentage of fishing effort was 75.42%,and when HSI value was less than 0.4,the percentage of fishing effort is 12.93%.According to the optimum spatial-temporal scales,using the data from July to September in 2012 to verify the optimum model,when HSI value was greater than 0.6,the percentage of fishing effort was 60.89%,and when HSI value was less than 0.4,the percentage of fishing effort is 13.88%.In summary,the spatial and temporal scales of fishing and marine environment factors should be considered during the construction of fishery habitat suitability index model.