检测环境污染物的适配体生物传感器研究进展

Research progress of aptamer-based biosensors for environmental contaminants

适配体生物传感器可利用适配体作为识别元件,将适配体的优良特性和目前先进的检测技术进行结合,例如光学、电化学纳米集成技术或生物膜干涉测量法,为其在有毒有害物质检测和环境实时监测领域构筑了良好应用前景。然而,适配体传感器的进一步应用仍有许多问题亟待解决,比如:环境的复杂性会对其应用产生限制;适配体固化到传感器表面的方式会影响适配体的结构和功能,从而影响检测效果。本文将主要研究适配体筛选策略的最新进展并对适配体传感器检测环境中小分子污染物的应用展开综述。

Aptamer-based biosensors can take aptamer as a recognition element and combine the outstanding characteristics of aptamers with the currently leading detection technology, such as optical, electrochemical technology with nanomaterial-integrated, or biolayer interferometry, drawing a promising application of the detection of harmful toxic chemicals and real-time monitoring in the environments. However, their application is limited to complexity of the environment. The immobilization of aptamers onto the surface will affect their functions and structures, which may affect the result. This article examines the most recent update on the selection of aptamers and the application of aptamer-based biosensors in detection of small molecule contaminants in the environment is also reviewed.