无机纳米粒子对木粉/高密度聚乙烯木塑复合材料热学及力学性能的影响

Effect of Inorganic Nanoparticles on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Wood Fiber/HDPE Composites

为了探讨3种无机纳米粒子(纳米碳酸钙(NPCC)、纳米蒙脱土(NMMT)和纳米氧化铝(NAL))对木粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)木塑复合材料热学性能和力学性能的影响,采用模压成型方法制备木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料,利用综合热分析仪和热膨胀系数仪分析了木塑复合材料的热学性能,并测定了其力学性能.结果表明,3种无机纳米粒子对木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料的热学性能和力学性能均有一定影响.其中:添加NPCC可使木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料的线性热膨胀系数降低38.95%,并具有较好的热稳定性,从而在受热过程中的起始热分解温度提高了2.8℃,600℃时的残重率提高了39.1%;同时,添加NPCC的木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料力学性能提高的幅度最大,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了32.86%、11.05%和35.32%.

In order to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of the wood powder/high-density polyethylene(HDPE)composites that filled with different kinds of inorganic nanoparticles(calcium carbonate NPCC,montmorillonite NMMT and alumina NAL),the thermal properties of the composites were analyzed by simultaneous thermal analyzer and expansion coefficient meter,the mechanical properties of the composites were also tested and analyzed.The results showed that all the three kinds of inorganic nanoparticles had a significant effect on the performance of wood flour/HDPE composites.Among them,NPCC could greatly lower the linear thermal expansion coefficient of wood-plastic materials by 38.95%.The composite material also has better thermal stability that the initial pyrolysis temperature increased by 2.8℃during the heating process,and the carbon residue rate increased by 39.1%at 600℃.The tensile strength,flexural strength and impact toughness of NPCC modified wood fiber/HDPE composites also had great improvement(the increases were 32.86%,11.05%,35.30%,respectively).