车道分隔方式对驾驶换道行为的影响

Influence of Lane Demarcation Patterns on Lane-changing Behavior

为探索不同车道分隔方式对驾驶换道行为的影响,在分析机动车驾驶换道决策机理与换道决策属性的基础上,改进双车道元胞自动机(STCA)的换道规则模型,提出了基于层次分析法(AHP)的多属性换道决策模型.在同向3车道上设置不同车道分隔方式,运行模型以获得每种分隔方式在不同空间占有率情况下的换道动机概率、换道成功概率分布规律.分析发现:平均换道动机概率直接与交通流内部状态属性有关,平均换道成功概率则由交通流内部状态属性与车道隔离方式共同决定;通过对不同分隔方式下的换道规律分析,表明模型能较好诠释不同车道分隔方式的交通管理法规涵义.该换道决策模型构造方法上具有同时处理多个外部决策属性的能力,具有较强的通用性.

In order to explore the influence of different lane demarcation patterns on lane-changing behavior, a multi-attribute lane-changing decision model based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP) is proposed to improve the lane-changing rule of symmetric two-lane cellular automata(STCA), that on the base of the analysis of the lane- changing decision mechanism and lane-changing decision attributes. Setting different lane demarcation patterns on a one-direction-three-lane way to operate the model obtains the probability of lane-changing motivation and of lane-changing success under different space occupancy rate. Results show that: the probability of lane-changing motivation is directly related to the internal state attribute of traffic flow;the success probability of lane-changing is determined by the internal state attributes of traffic flow and the lane demarcation patterns which have corresponding effects on lane-changing behavior. It is shown that this paper’s model can better interpret the traffic management and regulation implications of different lane demarcation patterns, has the ability to deal with multiple external decision attributes at the same time, and strong generality.