论革命精神在打破我国工业化“瓶颈”中的关键历史作用——兼论以经济理性理解革命精神的错误

Key Historical Role of Revolutionary Spirit in Breaking the Industrialization Bottleneck in China and Mistakes of Understanding Revolutionary Spirit with Economic Rationality

革命精神是一种为革命而献身的崇高精神,它是革命的内在要求。建国初,我国选择重工优先的快速工业化发展战略。面对着我国工业积累资金有限的困难,尤其是面对二十世纪六七十年代的极端困难,中国人民发扬革命精神,自力更生,艰苦奋斗,建成完整的工业体系。以革命精神推动工业化的实质是通过献身精神,以劳动代替资金,使国家能够把有限的资金最大限度地投入工业积累。有些观点认为,当时以革命精神推动经济,是以外在的、理想的道德原则代替经济的内在动力原则,必然影响经济社会的发展。这些观点以等价交换的抽象的经济理性原则为尺度考量革命精神,忽视了在当时具体历史条件下革命精神作为工业化和经济发展动力的可能性和合理性。

Revolutionary spirit is a noble spirit of dedication to the revolution. It is the inherent requirement of the revolution.At the beginning of the People's Republic of China, China chose the development strategy of fast industrialization with heavy industry as its priority. Facing the difficulty of scarcity of industrial accumulation funds in China,especially the extreme hardships in 1960s and 1970s,Chinese people carried forward the revolutionary spirit. They worked hard and self- reliantly to build a complete industrial system.The essence of promoting industrialization with revolutionary spirit is that the country can put the scarce capital into industrial accumulation to the maximum extent by labor instead of capital with self-devotion. Some erroneous opinions hold that promoting economy with revolutionary spirit definitely hindered the economic and social development at that time, for the external and ideal moral principle replaced the internal motive principle of the economy. These opinions evaluate revolutionary spirit based on the abstract economic rationality principle of equivalent exchange and neglect the possibility and rationality of revolutionary spirit as the driving force of industrialization and economic development under the specific historical conditions at that time.