新疆兵团某医院2016～2017年急性心肌梗死住院患者的资料特点分析

Analysis of data characteristics of hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction in a hospital of Xinjiang Corps from 2016 to 2017

目的探讨我院近两年急性心肌梗死(AMI)住院患者的资料特点,并分析不同性别之间的差异。方法选取石河子大学医学院第一附属医院2016年1月～2017年12月收治的1069例AMI患者的临床资料,分析其资料特点。结果本研究中,男性患者多于女性,多为中老年患者,退休、团场、文化程度低、秋冬季发病、发病至住院时间>12 h患者较多;心肌梗死类型以ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)为主,部位以前壁及下壁为主。与男性组比较,女性组的患病平均年龄较高,收住心血管科室比例较低,住院时间较迟,住院费用较低,平均肾小球滤过率(GFR)水平较低,丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)>50 U/L的比例较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性患者和女性患者的AMI类型及部位、平均入院心率、入院舒张压、射血分数(LVEF)、血脂水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论我院近两年AMI住院患者资料的特点与国内外研究不尽相同,仍有较多患者住院时间较迟。不同性别间AMI患者资料特点比较存在较多差异,根据比较结果,应重点加强女性高危人群冠心病知识教育。

Objective To explore the characteristics of the data of hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in our hospital in the past two years,and to analyze the differences between different genders.Methods The clinical data of 1069 AMI patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shihezi University from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected and the characteristics of the data were analyzed.Results In this study,more men than women,mostly middle-aged and elderly patients,retired,group,low education,autumn and winter onset,onset to hospitalization time>12 h more patients.The type of myocardial infarction was mainly ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).The anterior and inferior wall were the main sites.Compared with the male group,the female group had a higher average age of illness,a lower proportion of cardiovascular departments,a shorter hospital stay,lower hospitalization costs,lower average glomerular filtration rate(GFR),and alanine.The ratio of acid aminotransferase(ALT)greater than 50 U/L was lower,and the above differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between male and female patients in the type and location of AMI,average hospital admission,diastolic blood pressure,ejection fraction(LVEF),and blood lipid levels(P>0.05).Conclusion The characteristics of AMI inpatients in our hospital in the past two years are not the same as those in domestic and foreign studies.There are still many patients who stay in hospital for a later period of time.There are many differences in the characteristics of AMI patients between different genders.According to the comparison results,it is necessary to strengthen the knowledge education of coronary heart disease in high-risk women.