美国新泽西州高等教育管理分权改革下的专业设置评估与启示

Major Provision Evaluation and Its Enlightenment of Higher Education Management Decentralization Reform in New Jersey, USA

为回应高等教育发展的新形势和高等教育集权管理体制的弊端,20世纪80年代中期以来,美国新泽西州州政府开展了大刀阔斧的高等教育分权管理改革,构建了三方共同治理结构。基于该结构,在高等教育专业设置方面形成以体系化评估为主要手段、以"小政府"与"大学校"为突出特征的管理运行机制,取得卓著的改革成效。在我国正在加快推进高等教育领域"放管服"改革的背景下,美国新泽西州独具特色的高等教育专业设置评估体系可为我国高等教育专业设置管理的改革提供新的思路和视角。

In response to the new situation of higher education development and the malpractice of the centralized management system of higher education, the state government of New Jersey has carried out series of drastic reforms of decentralized management of higher education and constructed a tripartite governance stmcture since the mid - 1980s. Based on this structure, it has formed a special operation mechanism characterized by systematic review as main means and the "small government" and " big university" style in the field of specialty provision of higher education, and achieved outstanding reform results. Under the background of China's accelerating reform of the decentralized management in higher education, New Jersey' s unique system of specialty provision evaluation can provide new ideas and perspectives for specialty provision management in China.