反垄断法实施中的行政指导滥用及其矫正

Abuse and Correction of Administrative Guidance in Antitrust Enforcement

反垄断情事复杂,通过行政指导推进反垄断法实施虽有一定的价值,但不当行政指导也戕害巨大,故应慎用。我国反垄断法实施中的行政指导存在适用边界模糊、程序非正当化和非适格主体越位实施等突出问题,这与反垄断法的多元法律后果配置、程序性依赖、集中性实施相背,偏离了反垄断法现代性实施的方向。为此,我国在反垄断法实施中应谦抑运用行政指导,正确处理好行政指导与行政处罚、宽大处理、调查和解、附条件许可、竞争倡导的关系,弱化具体行政指导且只能依申请而为之,完善行政指导程序,防止非适格主体实施反垄断行政指导,并以救济机制保障之,以规范反垄断法实施中的行政指导运用,合法维护竞争公益。

Owing to the complicacy of antitrust matters, administrative guidance has proved its values in antitrust enforcement under some circumstances, but improper administrative guidance may bring about harms, so it should be used with caution. In our country, there is a problem of abuse of administrative guidance in antitrust enforcement, such as vague application boundaries, undue process and illegal implementation of unqualified organs, which runs counter to the distribution of multiple legal consequences, procedural dependence and centralized implementation of the anti-monopoly law and deviates from the modernity of the anti-monopoly law enforcement. The correct way is to apply administrative guidance modestly in the implementation of the antimonopoly law, sort out the relationship of administrative guidance with administrative punishment, lenient treatment, administrative reconciliation, merger remedy and competition advocacy, ascertain the boundaries of administrative guidance, weaken specific administrative guidance and use the application-guidance mechanism, prevent unqualified agencies from carrying out administrative guidance, improve relevant procedure and relief rules, and safeguard the competitive public interests.