《方言》“陶”之训“养”说

On“Yang”(养)Derived from “Tao”(陶)in Dialects

"陶(匋)"的本义是烧制(瓦器),并由此产生了丰富的引申义。烧制过程即"变化"过程,映射到社会生活、精神生活领域就有了"化育""造就"等义;当专指人的时候,就有了"培育""培养"等义。上述引申路径从历史语料所提供的参构词素和平行例证中都得到了证明。《方言》以"养"训"陶"是以引申义作释,不是其他词的"音转",也不需要"以音求之"。

The primary meaning of"tao"(陶)is firing or burning(pottery),which has produced a wealth of extended meanings.The firing or burning process is the process of"change",which maps to social life and spiritual life,thus having the meanings of"changing to educate"or"bringing up";When it specifically refers to people,it has the meanings of"cultivating"or"nurturing".The above-mentioned extension path is proved by the reference morphemes and parallel examples provided by historical corpus."Yang"(养)which is derived from"tao"(陶)in Dialects is the interpretation of the extended meaning,rather than"sound shift"of other words.Therefore,it does not need"search for meaning from its sound".