2015年河南省恶性肿瘤发病与死亡情况分析

Cancer incidence and mortality in Henan Province, 2015

目的描述2015年河南省恶性肿瘤发病和死亡流行特征,为河南省恶性肿瘤的控制与研究提供基础数据。方法收集、整理河南省37个肿瘤登记处上报的2015年发病和死亡资料,根据《中国肿瘤登记手册》以及国际癌症研究中心的标准评价数据完整性、有效性和可靠性,计算分城乡、性别、年龄组别的发病率、死亡率、构成比、中标率、世标率和累积率。结果 2015年河南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为258.17/10万(男性为273.72/10万,女性为241.75/10万,男女性别比为1.13),中标率为203.53/10万,世标率为201.59/10万;恶性肿瘤死亡率为165.09/10万(男性为196.92/10万,女性为131.49/10万,男女性别比为1.50),中标率为125.96/10万,世标率为125.94/10万。恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率随年龄变化趋势相同,在0～39岁年龄组均处于较低水平,40岁以后上升较快,在80岁或85岁年龄组达到峰值。肺癌位居全部恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的第1位,其他高发肿瘤依次为胃癌、食管癌和肝癌;乳腺癌位居女性全部恶性肿瘤发病的第1位。前10位恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分别占全部恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的82.33%和87.02%。结论河南省恶性肿瘤疾病负担仍然较重,肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌和乳腺癌等是河南省高发肿瘤,应针对河南省恶性肿瘤流行特点及危险因素加大综合防控力度。

Objective Cancer is a public health concern in China and around the world,and it caused large disease burden.Our study described the cancer incidence and mortality in 2015,and it provided basic data for cancer control and research in Henan Province.Methods The data of cancer incidence,mortality and population used in our study were reported by 37 cancer registries in Henan Province,and the data quality including completeness,validity and reliability were evaluated according to the criteria of Guideline on Cancer Registration in China and IARC/IACR.Cancer incidence,mortality,proportion,age-standardized rate,and 0-74 years cumulative percentage stratified by gender,age,and areas(urban/rural)were calculated.Results The cancer incidence for cancer registration areas in 2015 was 258.17/100 000(male 273.72/100 000,female 241.75/100 000).Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC,2000)and by world standard population(ASIRW)were 203.53/100 000 and 201.59/100 000,respectively.The crude mortality rate was 165.09/100 000(male 196.92/100 000,female 131.49/100 000).The age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population(ASMRC,2000)and by world standard population(ASMRW)were 125.96/100 000 and 125.94/100 000.The cancer age specific incidence and mortality increased along with the increasing age,and it peaked at 80 or 85+age group.Lung cancer ranked first among cancer of all sites,followed by gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,and liver cancer;breast cancer ranked first among cancer of all sites in female.Conclusion The cancer disease burden in Henan Province remains large,lung cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,and liver cancer are main cancer types in Henan Province,corresponding prevention and control measures should be enhanced according to the cancer epidemic characteristics and risk factors in Henan Province.