基于土地利用和DMSP/OLS夜间灯光数据的河南省人口空间化研究

Study on Population Spatialization of Henan Province Based on Land Use and DMSP/OLS Data

人口空间化研究是地理研究的关键问题,随着3S技术的发展及数据可视化需求的不断提高,如何获取高精度的人口空间分布数据成为研究热点。本文以人口基数大及人口增长迅速的河南省为研究对象,以2010年的土地利用数据、DMSP/OLS稳定夜间灯光数据、人口普查数据等为数据源,基于统计人口密度数据,将研究区划分为3部分。结合逐步回归分析理论,建立人口空间化模型,并在县级、乡镇级下对人口空间化结果进行精度评价,生成1 km×1 km人口密度格网图。结果表明:(1)对河南省第六次全国人口普查数据进行分区空间化,由精度验证结果可知模型效果较好;(2)在平均人口密度较高的县市,误差相对较小,说明该模型在人口稠密区空间化精度较高;(3)河南省人口空间化分布总体上呈从四周到城市中心递增的特点,人口分布圈层结构明显,主要向城市中心聚集,呈现由"圈"到"点"的聚集特征。

Population spatialization research is a key issue in geography research.With the development of 3S technology and the increasing demand for data visualization,how to obtain high-precision population spatial distribution data has become a research hotspot.Taking Henan province as the research object,which has a large population base and rapid population growth,we took land use data of 2010,DMSP/OLS stable nighttime lighting data of 2010,and the sixth national census data as data sources.Based on the statistical population density,the whole study area was divided into three parts.Combined with the theory of stepwise regression analysis,we established the population spatialization model,and evaluated the population spatialization results at the county and township levels,and thus generated a 1km×1km population density grid map.The results are as follows.(1)The spatialization of Henan province based on the sixth national census data was carried out,and the results of the accuracy verification showed that the model was effective.(2)In counties and cities with high average population density,the error was relatively small,indicating that the model had high spatial precision in densely population areas.(3)The spatial distribution of population in Henan province was generally characterized by an increasing population from the surrounding areas to the urban centers.The population distribution circle structure was obvious,and it mainly gathered to the urban centers,showing the aggregation characteristics from“circle”to“point”.