世界田坛竞争格局变化与中国田径竞技实力分析

Change of competition pattern of international track and field and Chinese competitive strength

通过收集2017年伦敦世锦赛相关数据,利用文献资料等方法对奖牌分布和中国队取得的成绩进行分析。研究发现:伦敦世锦赛整体水平较低,成绩下滑;世界田径竞争格局发生改变,牙买加短跑优势覆灭,美国强势回归;获金牌的国家由集中化向分散化演变。欧美仍处于一流顶尖水平远超其他大洲,欧洲略胜一筹,整体实力上升,各国竞技水平发展均衡;美洲夺金实力缩水,整体水平下降且各国竞技水平严重失衡;一贯稳定发挥的非洲军团也出现下滑;亚洲和大洋洲势头良好,夺金实力明显增强,但整体水平仍难摆脱弱势局面。中国队继续保持上升趋势,创新世纪最好成绩;女子传统优势项目锦上添花;男子潜优势项目喜忧并存;弱势项目突出,后备人才不足,整体发展较为缓慢。

This study analyzed the distribution of medals and the achievements made by the Chinese team in 2017 World Championships in London.Research showed that the Championships have an overall lower level and a decline in performance.The competition pattern of track and field has changed,Jamaica's sprint advantages having collapsed while the United States rising strongly.The former centralized gold-winning countries become decentralized.Europe and America are still at the top level and far beyond the other continents,Europe slightly better than America.The overall strength of European countries has increased and the competitive level has developed in a balanced manner.The strength of the American countries to seize golds has shrunk,the overall level has dropped and the competition level in various countries is seriously unbalanced.The ever steadily playing African teams also experienced a slide.Asia and Oceania have a good momentum,and have significantly enhanced the strength to seize golds,yet difficult to get rid of the overall weak situation.The Chinese team continues to maintain the upward trend,creating the best achievements in the new century;women's traditional advantage projects have better performance while men's potential advantage projects are mixed with hopes and fears.The disadvantaged projects are prominent,the reserve talent is insufficient,and the overall development is relatively slow.