科学计量学视角下的Altmetrics发展历程分析

Evolution of Altmetrics From a Scientometrical Perspective

[目的/意义]Altmetrics指标是科学计量与科研评价中的研究热点,从科学计量学的视角来梳理Altmetrics的发展历程,旨在对Altmetrics的研究现状进行整体把握和分析。[研究设计/方法]基于Web of Science数据库,检索得到467篇Altmetrics的相关论文作为数据基础,利用文献计量学方法从年发文量、主要研究机构、核心作者、关键词等层面对Altmetrics的发展进行了计量分析;对核心作者和关键词进行了历时分析;并着重对Altmetrics领域知识概念的生长与凋亡进行了深入分析。[结论/发现]Altmetrics领域正处于平稳发展阶段,形成了五大研究方向,包括:影响力评价、社交媒体研究、文献计量指标、引文的可见度、引文分析与学术交流。其中,信息图表、学术画像、plumx、科学奖励体系等是新出现的研究点;1/3的关键词贯穿了整个发展阶段。[创新/价值]从海量知识概念中识别出一个领域的新增概念和凋亡概念,对Altmetrics领域的发展和知识传承具有重要意义。

[Purpose/Significance]Altmetrics is a hot research topic in the area of scientometrics and research evaluation.This paper intends to address the developing history of Altmetrics from a bibliometrical perspective in order to analyze and grasp the status and trend of Altmetrics as a whole.[Design/Methodology]467 records were retrieved from the Web of Science and used as the dataset in this study.Bibliometric methods were then employed to conduct an analysis from the aspects including annual publication numbers,major research institutions,core authors,and keywords.The core authors and keywords were analyzed diachronically.We especially focused on the evolution of concepts in the field of Altmetrics.[Findings/Conclusion]It has been found that the field of Altmetrics is at a stable developing stage.There are mainly five research areas,including impact evaluation,research on social media,bibliometric indicators,citation visibility,citation analysis and academic communication.Among them,infographics,academic profiles,plumx,and reward system of science are emerging research points,and one third of the keywords have been used throughout the whole developing stage.[Originality/Value]This study provides a way to identify the emerging and dying concepts of a field from massive knowledge concepts,which could be of great significance to the development of Altmetrics and knowledge inheritance.