2008—2017年长江下游育成油菜组合(品系)在长江上游区试中的产量及适应性分析

Analysis of the yield and adaptability of rapeseed combinations(lines) bred in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in national regional test of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River during 2008-2017

分析了2008—2017年长江上游国家区试中长江下游参试组合(品系)的产量和适应性表现,旨在为在长江下游生态条件下选育适宜长江上游推广的油菜组合(品系)提供科学依据。结果表明:2008年以来,在长江下游生态条件下选育的油菜组合(品系)在长江上游国家区试中大多表现不佳,22个参试组合(品系)的产量比对照平均减产2%,全部317个试点(次)中增产点(次) 137个,占43. 2%。参试组合(品系)中,‘天禾油10号’是唯一通过国家审定,适合长江上游推广的油菜品种。在长江下游生态条件下选育适宜长江上游推广的油菜组合(品系),宜将早熟、具有较高千粒重和单株产量列为主要育种目标,在育种后期阶段,应加强在长江上游生态条件下开展产量和适应性试验。

The yield and adaptability of rapeseed combinations(lines)bred in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the national regional test of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in 2008-2017 were analyzed in order to provide scientific basis for breeding rapeseed combinations(lines)suitable for planting in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River under the ecological conditions of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The results showed that most rapeseed varieties bred under the ecological conditions in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River had poor performance in the national regional test since 2008.The average yield of 22 tested combinations(lines)was 2% lower than that of the control,and 137(or 43.2%)of all 317 trials increased.‘Tianheyou No.10’ was the only rapeseed variety approved by the state which was suitable for planting in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.Breeding rapeseed combinations(lines)suitable for popularization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River under the ecological conditions of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River should take early maturity,high 1 000-grain weight and high yield per plant as the main breeding objectives.In the later stage of breeding,yield and adaptability tests should be carried out under the ecological conditions of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.