基于覆被变化的贵州草海自然保护区生态系统服务价值研究

Ecosystem service value of Guizhou Caohai Nature Reserve based on cover changes

运用GIS和RS技术,对贵州草海地区1990年、1995年、2010年以及2015年四期TM遥感影像解译获得覆被图。采用转移矩阵,计算草海保护区1990—1995年和2010—2015年的土地利用变化情况,结合修正的生态服务价值系数,对比分析草海国家级自然保护区在成立初期和近些年来湿地生态系统服务价值的变化。研究发现:1) 1990年、1995年、2010年和2015年草海国家级保护区的生态服务价值分别为16 696. 57万元(人民币,下同)、18 391. 57万元、20 724. 93万元和20 766. 52万元,呈逐渐增加的趋势; 2)研究区1990—1995年的生态服务价值增加量比2010—2015年的增加量增长10. 15%,增速快2%; 3)在草海各土地利用类型中,湿地和水体的生态服务价值量占比最大,均在65%以上; 4)各土地利用类型生态服务价值的变化与其面积的变化一致。

By using GIS and RS technologies,interpretation of TM remote sensing images of four years(1990,1995,2010 and 2015)were studied in Guizhou Caohai Nature Reserve.The transfer matrix was used to calculate the land use change between 1990-1995 and 2010-2015.Combined with the revised ecological service value coefficient,the comparative analysis were done to study the change of ecological service value between the early stage times of grassland national nature reserve and the recent years.The results showed that:1)The ecological service value of Caohai Nature Reserve in 1990,1995,2010 and 2015 were 169 965 700 yuan,183 915 700 yuan,207 249 300 yuan and 207 665 200 yuan,respectively,which showed a gradual increase trend;2)The increment of ecological services value in 1990-1995 was 10.15% greater than that in 2010-2015,and the increase rate was 2% faster;3)Among the various land use types in Caohai,the ecological services value of wetlands and water bodies accounted for the largest proportion,both above 65%;4)The changes in the ecological services value of land use types were consistent with the changes in area.