不同蛋白水平日粮对金华黄牛生产性能的影响

Effect of different protein level on production performance of Jinhua Yellow cattle

研究旨在探究不同蛋白水平日粮对金华肉牛生产性能的影响。选取体重145 kg左右的金华肉牛24头,随机分为3组,分别饲喂蛋白水平为13.45%(L组)、14.95%(M组)、16.6%(H组)的日粮。结果表明:采用中蛋白水平日粮饲喂的试验组平均日增重高于采用高蛋白和低蛋白水平的两个试验组,且料重比均低于其它两组。高蛋白水平组平均日增重最低,饲料成本却最高。各组间瘤胃液中乙酸含量差异性显著(P<0.05)。三个试验组的瘤胃液中乙酸/丙酸的值差异不显著(P>0.05)。H组与M、L组中瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸含量差异显著(P<0.05)。三个蛋白梯度对金华黄牛的血液生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验结果显示,中蛋白水平(14.95%,DM)的日粮对金华黄牛生产性能影响最佳,瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标数据说明了日粮中添加蛋白水平过高并不能被动物机体消化吸收,从而使饲料资源转化利用率降低,造成了饲料资源的浪费和养殖成本的提高。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different protein levels on the production performance of Jinhua Yellow cattle. Twenty-four Jinhua Yellow cattle were selected with weight of about 145 kg, randomly divided into 3 groups, and fed diets with protein levels of 13.45%, 14.95% and 16.6%, respectively. The results showed that the average daily gain of the experimental group fed with medium protein level diet was higher than that of other two experimental groups with high protein and low protein level, and the ratio of feed to meat was lower than that of the other two groups. The average daily gain of high protein level group was the lowest, and feed cost was the highest. The acetic acid content in rumen fluid of each group was significantly different (P<0.05). The difference between acetic acid and propionic acid in the rumen fluid of the three test groups was not significant (P>0.05). The contents of total volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid of H and M and L groups were significantly different (P<0.05). No significant difference was found on blood biochemical indices of Jinhua Yellow cattle (P>0.05). The experimental results showed that the diet of medium protein (14.95%, DM) had the best effect on the production performance of Jinhua Yellow cattle. The data of rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes indicated that the high protein level in the diet could not be digested and absorbed by the animal, thus reducing the conversion rate of feed.