妇科肿瘤患者抗凝药物预防静脉血栓栓塞的现况特点及合理性分析

Analysis on current characteristics and rationality of anticoagulant drugs for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with gynecological tumor

目的分析妇科肿瘤患者抗凝药物预防静脉血栓栓塞的现况,评价抗凝药物用药合理性。方法选取我院368例2016年6月～2018年6月收治的妇科肿瘤患者资料进行回顾性分析,总结抗凝药物在预防静脉血栓中的用药情况。结果本组患者中,119例(32.34%)发生静脉血栓栓塞,其中,58例(48.74%)患者使用抗凝药物,用药评价结果显示,不合理用药的患者43例(74.14%),其中主要为用药疗程不合适(72.09%),其他依次为抗凝药物的使用方法以及使用剂量不符(20.93%)、未出现用药适应证就给患者使用了抗凝药物(4.65%)、联合用药不恰当(2.33%),服用抗凝药物静脉血栓患者的发生率明显低于未服用抗凝药物患者(P <0.05)。结论妇科肿瘤患者中预防性使用抗凝药物对静脉血栓栓塞进行预防患者较少,且存在不合理用药情况,临床上治疗静脉血栓栓塞高危的妇科肿瘤患者时,应积极的采取预防性的抗凝措施。

Objective To analyze the current status of anticoagulant drugs for prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with gynecological tumor and to evaluate the rationality of using anticoagulant drugs.Methods Data of 368 patients with gynecological tumor who were admitted and treated in our hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were selected and retrospectively analyzed. The use of anticoagulant drugs in the prevention of venous thrombosis was summarized. Results Among those patients, 119 cases(32.34%) developed venous thromboembolism,among which 58 cases(48.74%) were treated with anticoagulant drugs. The results of drug use evaluation showed that there were 43 patients(74.14%) with unreasonable drug use.Among them, the inappropriate treatment course accounted for 72.09%, followed by the inconsistence of using method and dose ofanticoagulant drugs(20.93%), use of anticoagulant drugs before the occurrence of medication indication(4.65%) and inappropriate combined medication(2.33%). The incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients taking anticoagulant drugs was significantly lower than that of patients who did not take anticoagulant drugs(P < 0.05). Conclusion Among patients with gynecological tumor, patients who were with prophylactic use of anticoagulant drugsto prevent venous thromboembolism are fewer,and there are cases of irrational drug use. Prophylactic anticoagulant measures should be taken actively in the clinical treatment of gynecological tumor patients with high risk of venous thromboembolism.