老年永久性肠造口患者居家自我护理问题的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Problems in Home Self-care of the Elderly with Permanent Colostomy

目的探索老年永久性肠造口患者在居家自我护理过程中存在的问题,为其他患者转归社区后的疾病自我管理与肠造口健康教育提供借鉴。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,用目的抽样法选取10例老年永久性肠造口患者,采用半结构式访谈法收集资料,Colaizzi内容分析法分析资料并形成主题。结果老年永久性肠造口患者在居家自我护理过程中主要存在以下5个方面的问题,即并发症处理问题、心理问题、造口用物问题、睡眠问题与饮食问题。结论为了提高老年肠造口患者转归社区后的居家自我护理能力,应当在全面了解老年肠造口患者居家自我护理问题的基础上,加强针对性的健康宣教,争取更广泛的社会支持资源,进而帮助老年肠造口患者提升自我护理能力,提高生活质量。

Objective To explore the problems in home self-care of the elderly with permanent colostomy so as to provide reference for the self-management and colostomy health education of other patients after transferring to the community.Methods The phenomenological research method in qualitative study was applied in the selection of 10 elderly with permanent colostomy;Data was collected by in-depth interview method and analyzed by Colaizzi content analysis method,and then the theme was set up.Results There existed 5 main problems in home self-care of the elderly with permanent colostomy,including complications management,psychological problems,colostomy problems,sleeping and diet problems.Conclusions Specific health education should be enhanced and more social resources be collected so as to help the elderly with permanent colostomy to promote the self-care ability and to improve the quality of life.