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旱作栽培条件下源库调控对冬小麦茎秆节间同化物转运的影响

Effects of Source-sink Manipulation on Remobilization of Assimilates in Winter Wheat Internode Segments under Dry Farming Cultivation
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摘要 为了解旱作栽培条件下不同源库调节方式对茎秆不同节间同化物积累、转运和籽粒贡献率的影响,以旱作冬小麦‘长武134’为试验材料,在中国科学院长武农业生态试验站设置田间试验,通过花后减源(去除旗叶,DF)和缩库(去除上4小穗,TA;去除下4小穗,TB;同时去除上4小穗和下4小穗,TAB)处理,比较收获期小麦单穗质量、平均粒质量和茎秆不同节间同化物积累,转运的变化,分析不同源库调节对茎秆不同节间同化物利用的影响。结果表明:减源处理显著降低小麦单穗质量、平均粒质量和花后同化物在茎秆不同节间的积累,增加茎秆花前同化物对籽粒的贡献率,但其补偿效应不能完全弥补由于叶源亏损造成的对单穗质量降低的影响;不同缩库处理间,随着缩库强度的增加其单穗质量逐渐降低,呈现出CK>TA>TB>TAB的变化趋势,而平均粒质量逐渐升高,呈现出TAB>TA>CK>TB的变化趋势,表明由于穗粒数降低引起单穗质量的损失,没有通过平均粒质量的升高得到弥补;茎秆不同节间对不同类型同化物的利用呈现出不同的特点,从穗下节间可见光部分至倒二节间,其花前同化物对籽粒的贡献率逐渐增加,而花后同化物对籽粒的贡献率逐渐降低。 In order to explore the relationship between source-sink manipulation and remobilization of assimilates in different internode segments of winter wheat under dry farming cultivation conditions,the dry land wheat cultivar‘Changwu 134’grown on the field condition at the Changwu Agro-ecological Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2012 to 2013 winter wheat growing season.Different defoliation and trim spikelets treatments were applied,DF(defoliate flag leaf)and trim spikelets with different position(TA:remove apical 4 spikelets,TB:remove basal 4 spikelets,and TAB:remove apical 4 and basal 4 spikelets).The results showed that the treatment of DF significant reduced single spike mass and average grain mass,compared with CK(whole spikelet)and enhanced the contribution of redistribution amount of pre-anthesis(CRAP)stored assimilates in specific internode segment,however,the increased of CRAP cannot completely make up the loss of assimilates accumulation in grain by the loss of leaf source;with the increase of sink remove,the single spike mass showed the tendency as following CK>TA>TB>TAB,however,average grain mass exhibited the opposite tendency TAB>TA>CK>TB,which illustrated that the loss of single spike mass due to the reduction of the number of grains per spike(reduce sink)was not complete compensated by the increase in average grain mass;the contribution of different assimilates types in different internode segments showed opposite trends:there is an increase trendy from exposed peduncle of internode(EXP)to penultimate internode(PI)in the CRAP,on the contrast,the CAPA(contribution of amount of transfer of post-anthesis accumulated assimilates into grains)from EXP to PI is reduce.
作者 陈炜 李红兵 邓西平 CHEN Wei;LI Hongbing;DENG Xiping(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation,School of Geography and Environment,Baoji University Arts and Sciences,Baoji Shaanxi 721013,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Science,and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处 《西北农业学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2019年第3期353-361,共9页 Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金 陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划(18JS006) 宝鸡文理学院重点科研项目(ZK16066) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB150402) 国家自然科学基金(41801069) 西北农林科技大学博士科研启动资金(Z111021311)~~
关键词 冬小麦 源库关系 同化物运转 Winter wheat Sink-source relationship Assimilates remobilization
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