校企合作到产教融合:困境与破解

From the school-enterprise cooperation to the integration of production and education: difficulties and solutions

囿于体制机制等多方面因素,从校企合作上升到产教融合过程中存在着政府相关政策落地不实、企业利益保障不够、学校改革力度不大、行业协会积极性不高等诸多问题。分析表明,价值取向差异、约束机制淡化、利益权责不明、赋权不足、学术漂移是导致上述问题的主要原因。建立与实施基于政府层面的"政策推动,红利导引"的价值最优体制、基于企业层面的"各取所需,成本分担"的利益分享机制、基于学校层面的"优势集中,专业互补"的资源优化机制、基于行业协会层面的"信息共享,协调促进"的互通互联机制是实现校企合作到产教融合转变的有效途径。

Due to various factors in system and mechanism, there are many problems in the process of school-enterprise cooperation to the integration of production and education,such as unsuccessful government-related policies, insufficient protection of corporate interests, little reform of schools, and low enthusiasm of industry associations. The analysis shows that the main reasons for the above problems are the differences in value orientation, the weakening of the restraint mechanism, the unclear rights and interests, the lack of empowerment, and academic drift. The following are effective ways to realize the transformation from school-enterprise cooperation to the integration of production and education: establish and implement a value-optimal system based on "policy promotion, dividend guidance"at the government level, an interest-sharing mechanism based on "each taking what he needs and cost sharing"at the enterprise level, a resource optimization mechanism based on "concentration of advantages and professional complementation"at the school level,and an interconnection mechanism based on "information sharing and coordination promotion"at the industry association level.