不同水分处理对浚麦K8生理特性及群体水分利用效率的影响

Effects of Different Water Treatments on Physiological Characteristics and Population Water Use Efficiency of Xun K8

为旱区小麦种植的水分管理提供参考,在防雨棚条件下,以浚麦K8为试验材料,设置3个灌溉水平,灌溉量分别为蒸发皿蒸散量的50%、100%和150%(分别记为EP 0.5、EP 1.0和EP 1.5),处理阶段为冬小麦的拔节期和灌浆期,研究不同水分处理对其生理特性及群体水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,与EP 1.0处理相比,拔节期和灌浆期亏缺灌溉(EP 0.5处理)显著降低浚麦K8的叶面积、叶片相对含水量、离体失水率及光合速率,产量也显著降低(42.53%),耗水量和水分利用效率均显著降低;EP 1.5处理拔节期叶面积显著增加,灌浆期叶面积、叶片相对含水量及光合速率变化不明显,耗水量显著增加,产量增加不明显;EP 1.5处理的水分利用效率较EP 1.0处理显著降低(9.17%)。拔节期增加灌溉量能够提高浚麦K8的叶面积,灌浆期过量灌溉对浚麦K8的生长及生理特性的改善无益;拔节期和灌浆期亏缺灌溉或过量灌浆均不利于水分利用效率的提高。

In order to provide references for water management of wheat plantation in semi-arid areas,the effects of different water treatments on physiological characteristics and population water use efficiency were studied under condition of rainproof shelter with Xun K8 as experimental material.Three irrigation levels were set up in this study.The irrigation amount was 50%,100%and 150%of pan evaporation(EP 0.5,EP 1.0 and EP 1.5,respectively).The water control stages were jointing stage and filling stage.Results:Deficit irrigation(EP 0.5)at jointing and filling stages significantly decreased leaf area,relative water content,water loss rate in vitro and photosynthetic rate of Xun K8.Finally,the yield of EP 0.5 treatment was 42.53%lower than that of EP 1.0 treatment.Compared with EP 1.0 treatment,the water consumption and water use efficiency of EP 0.5 treatment were significantly reduced.Compared with EP 1.0 treatment,the leaf area of EP 1.5 treatment at jointing stage was significantly increased,but its the leaf area,relative water content and photosynthetic rate at grain filling stage were not significantly increased compared to EP 1.0.EP 1.5 treatment significantly increased water consumption,but its yield did not increase significantly when compared to that of EP 1.0 treatment.The water use efficiency of EP 1.5 treatment was significantly reduced by 9.17%compared with that of EP 1.0 treatment.In conclusion,increasing irrigation amount at jointing stage can improve the leaf area of Xun K8,while excessive irrigation at filling stage is not beneficial to the growth and physiological characteristics of Xun K8.Moreover,deficit irrigation or excessive irrigation at jointing and filling stages are not conducive to the improvement of water use efficiency.