双向嵌入:社会组织参与社区治理自主性的一个分析框架

Two-way Embeddedness: An Analytical Framework of the Autonomy of Social Organizations' Participation in Community Governance

社会组织在参与社区治理过程中,面临"政府-社会组织"以及"社会组织-社区"的双向嵌入关系,这种双向嵌入的关系对于社会组织参与社区治理的自治性有何影响成为本文的核心问题。社会组织在参与社区治理中,其自主性主要表现在政治活动自主性、志愿活动自主性以及管理活动自主性三个方面。法团主义、公民社会以及权变理论均对社会组织参与社区治理自主性的研究贡献了自己的研究视角,而从"嵌入性"理论出发,在"政府-社会组织"互动中的"政治关系嵌入""政治结构嵌入"以及"社会组织-社区"互动中的"邻里嵌入""社区文化嵌入"均是影响社会组织自主性的主要因素。为保障自身的自主性,社会组织在参与社区治理中已经形成以"专业性"为主导的政府互动逻辑,以及以"对话性"为主导的社区互动逻辑的行动探索。

In participating in community governance, social organizations are faced with two-way embedding relationship of “government-social organization” and “social organization-community”. How the two-way embedding relationship affects the autonomy of social organizations in participating in community governance that is the core issue. In participating in community governance, the autonomy of social organizations is mainly manifested in three aspects: political activity autonomy, voluntary activity autonomy and management activity autonomy. The corporatism, civil society and contingency theory have all contributed their own academic perspectives to this study. From the perspective of embeddedness theory, in the “government-social organization” relationship the embeddedness of political relations, the embeddedness of political structure and in the “social organization-community” relationship, neighborhood embeddedness and community culture embeddedness are main factors affecting the autonomy of social organizations. In order to safeguard their autonomy, social organizations have developed professionally-led government interaction logic, as well as dialogue-led community interaction logic.