配偶法定继承顺序安排的价值取向与利益诉求

Value Orientation and Interest Appeal of Spouse Statutory Succession Order

配偶的法定继承顺序在各国立法中的规定不尽相同,背后蕴含着不同的价值判断与利益诉求,从根本因素上讲,取决于对继承本质属性的认知研判;从婚姻家庭关系中内在核心因素上讲,可归因于立法者对其中利益关系的不同衡量。配偶与被继承人的关系是以婚姻关系为基础的,受到夫妻财产制的影响;而配偶与其他继承人的关系则是以家庭关系为基础的,受到家庭结构的影响。因此,只有在充分观照中国国情的前提下,科学界定继承的法律属性,厘清配偶法定继承中的多重利益关系,才能对配偶法定继承顺序作出合理的制度安排。

Spouse succession order is stipulated differently in different countries, which reflects different value orientation and interest appeal. Fundamentally, it is determined by the judgment of succession nature. In terms of marriage and family, it is caused by the different interest evaluation of the legislators. The relationship between the spouse and decedent is based on their marriage, influenced by the marital property policy. The relationship of the spouse with other successors is family-oriented, influenced by the family structure. Therefore, a reasonable system about spouse statutory succession can only be established after taking the national conditions into account, determining the legal nature of succession, and identifying the complicated interests.