失效模式与效应分析对颅脑外伤患者非计划性拔管发生率的影响研究

Effects of failure mode and effect analysis on the incidence rate of unplanned extubation in patients with craniocerebral trauma

目的探讨失效模式与效应分析(FMEA)对颅脑外伤患者非计划性拔管发生率的影响。方法运用FMEA找到患者发生非计划拔管的潜在失效模式,选取优先风险系数(RPN)> 125分的失效模式,分析其原因,并制定针对性的改进方案。选取我院2015年1月至2016年5月实施FMEA前收治的颅脑外伤患者98例作为对照组,选取2016年6月至2018年6月实施FMEA后收治的颅脑外伤患者100例作为观察组。比较两组患者各失效模式的RPN值与非计划性拔管发生率。结果观察组患者各失效模式RPN值与非计划性拔管发生率低于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论运用FMEA对颅脑外伤患者进行置管护理,可减少其非计划性拔管的发生率,保证患者医疗安全。

Objective To explore the effect of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) on the incidence rate of unplanned extubation in patients with craniocerebral trauma. Methods To analyze the cause of the potential failure mode of unplanned extubation and make targeted solutions for improvement, FMEA was used and those patients whose risk priority number(RPN) exceeded 125 were chosen as samples. The control group consisted of 98 patients with craniocerebral trauma admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to May 2016. The study group was comprised of 100 patients with craniocerebral trauma who were treated with FMEA from June 2016 to June 2018. Contrasts were made on the RPN values and the incidence rate of unplanned extubation in each failure mode between the two groups. Results The RPN values and the incidence rate of unplanned extubation in each failure mode in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The adoption of FMEA for catheterization of patients with craniocerebral trauma can reduce the incidence rate of unplanned extubation so as to ensure patients' medical safety.