社会变革与艺术实践:艺术社会性分类的价值逻辑

Social Change and Artistic Practice:Value Logic of Social Classification of Art

艺术是社会的意识形态之一,是人类精神文明的有机组成部分。艺术的社会性分类,是艺术的四大基本分类之一。对艺术进行社会性的分类带来了其本质上的三大特征:其一,艺术的社会性分类是"历时性"的,或者说是有时间条件的,它面对不同的社会属性,就会发生不同的艺术归类,即时间变异性;其二,艺术的社会性分类又是"地域性"的,或者说是"国家性"的,它依据不同的国家社会制度来对艺术进行社会性分类,即制度变异性;其三,艺术的社会性分类更是"对象性"的,它最终落脚在创作者和接受者的功用上,依据创作者和接受者的不同艺术功用来"归类"艺术,即功用变异性。艺术的社会性分类,实际上是将人类创造的精神世界放到人类的生存世界中的一种类别判断。或者说,我们将人类生存的依据,当作划分艺术类型的基础。这是一种可以与人类学和社会学跨界的艺术类型研究。

Art is one of the social ideologies and an organic component of human spiritual civilization. Social classification of art is one of the four basic classifications of art. The social classification of art has three essential characteristics. First, the social classification of art is " diachronic" or has time conditions. Faced with different social attributes ,different artistic classifications will occur, namely, time variability. Secondly, the social classification of art is " regional" or national. It classifies art socially according to different national social systems, that is , system variability. Third , the social classification of art is " objective". It ends up on the function of the creator and the recipient, and " classifies" art according to the different artistic functions of the creator and the recipient, that is, functional variability. The social classification of art is actually a kind of judgment that puts the spiritual world created by human beings into the living world of human beings. In other words, we regard the basis of human existence as the basis for dividing artistic types. This is an art type research that can cross the border with anthropology and sociology.