船用钢小坡口埋弧焊焊剂组分对脱渣性的影响

Study and improvement of the effect of the content of small groove marine steel submerged arc welding flux on detachability

通过实验研究烧结焊剂脱渣性,分析焊剂中组元对焊剂性能的影响机理,不断优化焊剂配方,最终获得焊后渣壳自动翘起的小坡口埋弧焊剂.结果表明:在一定范围内,焊剂的脱渣性与Al_2O_3含量成正比关系,并且随着Al_2O_3含量的逐渐增加,焊剂的焊接工艺性能逐渐得到改善,焊缝脱渣性变好.当Al_2O_3含量大于25%时,焊缝的脱渣性能提高不明显.脱渣性与SiO_2含量在一定范围之内呈正比关系.当SiO_2超过一定含量时,脱渣性反而随含量的增加而变差.发现MgO含量比较高时,熔渣抗压强度大,渣壳致密,在小坡口埋弧焊时,坡口内的渣壳脱渣性能不理想.但CaF_2含量的增加,不仅有利于脱渣,当含量大于18%时,焊后渣壳变得薄而松脆.使用自制焊剂在船用钢小坡口埋弧焊接条件下焊接,焊缝成形美观,焊接过程稳定,脱渣性能优异,工艺性能优良.

By studying the detachability of sintered flux and analysising the influence of each component on sintered flux performance, as well as continuously optimizing the flux formula, a small groove submerged arc welding flux used for marine steel with high detachability was developed. The results show that the content of Al 2O 3 was positively correlated to the detachability of slag within certain limits. With the increase of Al 2O 3, the welding process performance of the flux improves gradually and the detachability gets better. But when the content of Al 2O 3 is greater than 25%, the detachability improvement was not obvious. The slag detachability was positively correlated to the content of SiO 2 in a certain range. When SiO 2 exceeds a certain amount of content, the removal of slag decreases with the increase of content;when the flux contains too much MgO, the density of slag is heavy,and the resistant to slag is strong,so the detachability of slag is bad. But with the increase of CaF 2, the detachability gets better and when the content of CaF 2 exceeds 18%, the slag gets thin and fragile. Under the condition of submerged arc welding on the small slope of marine steel, the weld forming is beautiful. The welding process is stable and the slag removal performance is excellent.