914例重型急性高原病危险因素分析

Influencing Factors of Severe Acute Mountain Sickness

目的探究重型急性高原病的危险因素,为预测和降低重型急性高原病发生提供依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,选取2012年2月—2014年12月间在西藏自治区7个医院就诊或住院的所有急性高原病患者914名。调查内容包括一般人口学特征、生活方式和疾病史等56个因素。使用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析,统计学方法包括描述性分析、χ2分析、多因素Logistic回归。结果多因素Logistic回归分析表明,未服用抗高原病药物、冬半年到达高原、年龄、抵达高原后48小时内焦虑和抵达高原前后48小时内失眠都是重型急性高原病的危险因素。ROC曲线下面积为0.856(95%CI:0.823～0.889),拟合性较好。结论未服用抗高原病药物、冬半年到达高原、年龄等为重型急性高原病的危险因素。应针对性地对轻型高原病进行干预,控制危险因素,降低重型急性高原病的发生。

Objective To explore the risk factors of severe acute mountain sickness and provide evidence for reducing the incidence. Methods With self-designed questionnaire,914 cases of acute mountain sickness were collected.56 factors were investigated in our content,including patients' general demographic characteristics,lifestyle and medical history.Descriptive analysis,Chi-square test,Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression analysis were conducted in data analysis with SPSS 19.0. Results Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that:without the use of prevention medicine,arrived plateau in cold season,age,anxiety after the arrival of plateau within 48 hours and insomnia before and after arrival of plateau within 48 hours were risk factors of severe acute mountain disease.Area under the ROC curve was 0.856(95% CI :0.823~0.889),and the model was fitting well. Conclusion Related risk factors should be targeted to reduce the incidence of severe acute mountain disease.