三级甲等医院护士工作压力现状及影响因素分析

Survey of Work Pressure and Its Influencing Factors among Nurses in Tertiary General Hospitals

目的了解三级甲等医院护士工作压力现状并探讨其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查方法,应用自行编制的一般资料调查表、护士工作压力源量表、状态希望量表、总体幸福感量表,对9家三级甲等医院1 160名护士进行问卷调查。结果三级甲等医院护士工作压力处于中高水平,在不同年龄(F=10.939,P<0.05)、不同婚姻(t=-4.540,P<0.05)、不同工作年限(F=26.094,P<0.005)、是否倒夜班(t=2.666,P<0.005)、是否有离职或改行意愿(t=7.232,P<0.05)、是否参加业余活动情况(F=22.484,P<0.05)方面,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);三级甲等医院护士工作压力及其各维度与希望(r=-0.402,P<0.05)、主观幸福感(r=-0.349,P<0.05)呈负相关;多元线性回归分析显示,三级甲等医院护士工作压力的影响因素为希望、主观幸福感、工作年限、是否倒夜班、离职或改行意愿。结论护理管理者应关注护士工作压力现状,根据影响因素探讨多种减压策略,帮助护士缓解工作压力。

Objective To describe the status quo of work pressure among nurses in tertiary general hospitals and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A Cross-sectional survey was conducted with the Nurse's Job Stressor Scale,the Hope Status Scale,General Well-Being Schedule and self-designed demographic questionnaires among 1 160 nurses from nine hospitals. Results The work pressure of nurses of tertiary hospitals was in the high and medium level.Differences in groups of different ages( F =10.939, P <0.05),marital status( t =-4.540, P <0.05),length of employment( t =7.232, P <0.05),participate in extracurricular activities( F =22.484, P <0.05)were statistically significant.The work pressure and its dimensions were negatively related with hope( r =-0.402, P <0.05)and subjective well-being( r =-0.349, P <0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of nurse's work pressure were hope,subjective well-being,length of employment,night shift,turnover intention. Conclusion More attention should be paid to nurse's work pressure.According to the influencing factors of work pressure,measures should be taken to relieve it.