牛皮凉席革吸湿排汗性能影响因素研究

Study on Factors Influencing Moisture Absorption and Perspiration Releasing Performance of Cattle Hide Sleeping Mat Leather

为了研究牛皮凉席革的吸湿排汗性能,采用毛细管效应、透湿能力和快干性综合评价吸湿、导湿和排湿行为,对比研究了鞣制方法、涂饰涂层、革厚度对吸湿排汗性能的影响。研究发现,与以植鞣为主的结合鞣革相比,滴水扩散时间和芯吸高度表明全植鞣革具有更强的吸湿能力,透水汽性表明导湿性能相当,水分蒸发速率表明排湿能力更好;与涂饰前革相比,涂饰革吸湿排汗性能显著下降,虽然革内部孔隙率和平均孔径接近,表明涂层的多孔性结构和耐水性是主要影响因素;厚度较大的革的吸湿排汗性能更优,突出的是其达到吸湿饱和时的时间更长,保持革面干爽舒适性更持久。该研究结果对于提高牛皮凉席凉爽舒适性品质、满足消费者需求具有积极指导意义。

In order to study the moisture absorption and perspiration releasing performance of cattle hide sleeping mat leather, capillary effect, moisture permeation and fast drying capacity were used to evaluate its moisture absorption, moisture conductivity and dehumidification behavior. Factors including tanning method, coating and leather thickness were investigated and compared. The results showed that, compared with the combination tanning leather mainly made by vegetable tannin, the water drop diffusion time and wicking height values indicated that the whole vegetable tanned leather possessed stronger moisture absorption capacity, the moisture permeability showed that it had similar moisture conductivity, and the moisture evaporation rate indicated that its moisture releasing ability was better than that of the combination tanning leather. Additionally, in comparison with the pre-coated leather, the moisture absorption and perspiration releasing performance of the coated leather decreased significantly, although their inner porosity and average pore diameter were close to each other, indicating that the porous structure and water resistance of the coating were the main negative influencing factors. Furthermore, the moisture absorption and sweat removing performance of the leather with larger thickness was a little better, while in particular, it need a longer time to achieve moisture absorption saturation state, and thus could keep the surface of sleeping mat leather more lasting dry and comfort. These results have positive guiding significance for improving the cool and comfortable quality of cowhide leather sleeping mats to meet the consumers' needs.