黄宗羲“经世致用”武学思想研究——兼论《明夷待访录·兵制》中黄宗羲武学思想

Huang Zongxi's Martial Arts Thought of “Practical Use”:A Study of Huang Zongqi's Martial Arts Thought in Military System in Mingyi Interviewsa

明末清初社会思潮以"经世致用"为价值核心,大力提倡经世致用、实事求是之学,把学术研究的范围从儒家经典扩大到自然、社会和思想文化等各个领域。黄宗羲作为明末清初特殊历史时期著名思想家留下了《明夷待访录》这样的经世著作,这不仅是对明王朝亡国之痛的深刻反思,更是以国家兴亡为己任的谏言。研究认为,《明夷待访录·兵制》篇是着重针对国家谈武论兵方面的建议谏言,其中"重武以兴国"、"壮健轻死善击刺"、"文武合为一途"、"亲上爱民"等武学思想,不仅是深刻总结故国覆亡惨痛教训的赤诚谏言,更是经世致用实学思想影响下黄宗羲武学思想的时代抉择。对黄宗羲武学思想的挖掘不仅是对黄宗羲思想的进一步丰富,更重要的是使先贤之"经世之学""致用"于现世武学,乃至社会发展。

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,social ideological trends were centered on the “utility of the world”,which vigorously promoted the study of applying the principle of seeking truth from facts and seeking truth from facts,expanding the scope of academic research from Confucian classics to natural,social,ideological and cultural fields.As a famous thinker in the special historical period of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties,Huang ZongXi left the classics such as Mingyi Interviews,which was not only a profound reflection on the pains of the Ming Dynasty’s national subjugation,but also a admonition of the national prosperity.The Military System in Mingyi Interviews focused on suggestions to the country’s military building.It included such important thoughts as “taking military power to prosper the country”,“strengthening the military soldiers”,“combining culture and martial arts as a way,” and “loving the people”.The study of Huang Zongxi’s martial arts thoughts could not only enrich Huang Zongxi’s works,but helpful to the practical use of the thoughts and the development of modern martial arts.