ASME Ⅷ.2多孔板弹性分析方法在大型列管式反应器设计中的应用

APPLICATION OF ELASTIC ANALYSIS METHOD FOR PERFORATED PLATE IN ASME Ⅷ-2 FOR THE DESIGN OF LARGE TUBULAR REACTOR

大型列管式反应器是石化装置中的重要设备。该类反应器和上下管板与管壳程筒体均焊接的固定管板式换热器类似。在装置大型化后,这类反应器中换热管数量较多,建立3D模型进行有限元应力分析,求解不便。ASME Ⅷ.2标准中的分析计算章节,采用附录5-E的弹性应力分析为基础的多孔板设计方法,将管板等效成当量实心板进行应力分析,简化了计算,是目前国际上较为通用的方法。文章详细介绍了某大型列管式反应器采用ASME Ⅷ.2中当量实心板简化方法进行应力分析的过程,并将分析结果与真实的3D模型计算进行对比,结果表明:这种方法是可靠的,可在实际工程中应用。

Large tubular reactor is key equipment in petrochemical plants. The structure of such reactor is similar to the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger in which the cylindrical shell on channel and shell side are welded with the top and bottom fixed tube sheet. With the scale of plants increased,the number of heat exchange tubes in such reactor is increased, resulting in large number of tubes. The 3D model is established for finite element stress analysis, which is inconvenient to use. In the analysis and calculation section of Annex in the ASME Ⅷ.2 standard, the perforated plate design method based on the elastic stress analysis in Appendix 5-E is adopted to change the tube plate into an equivalent solid plate for stress analysis,which simplifies the calculation and is currently a more general approach in the world. This paper details the method of stress analysis of a large tubular reactor using the equivalent solid plate in ASME Ⅷ.2, and compares it with the actual 3D model calculation. The results show that this meth-od is reliable and can be applied in practical engi-neering.