菊科植物病虫害调查

Investigation on Disease and Insect Pest of Asteraceae Plants

逐株调查资源圃中98种(或品种)菊科植物的病害和虫害发生情况。调查发现,主要病害为煤污病、白粉病、枯萎病、灰霉病、褐斑病、锈病、病毒病7种,其中煤污病发病株最多,占调查总数的68.1%。主要虫害为红蜘蛛、白粉虱、蚜虫、菊天牛、黄胸蓟马和蜗牛6种,其中白粉虱和红蜘蛛危害严重,2种病害的受害株占调查总数的81.6%。矶菊等对病虫害有很好的抵抗能力,河南野菊等白粉虱及煤污病发生极其严重,调查结果为筛选抗性育种材料提供依据。

To investigate the occurrence of diseases and pests of the Asteraceae plants, 98 species (or varieties) of the Asteraceae in the resource garden were investigated. The survey found that the main diseases were sooty blotch, powdery mildew, blight, gray mildew, brown spot disease, rust disease and irus disease. Among them, sooty blotch caused the most strains, accounting for 68.1 % of the total number of investigations. The main insect pests were red spiders, whitefly, aphid, Phytoecia rufiqentria Gautier, Thrips hawaiiensis and snails.Among them, whitefly and red spiders were seriously armful, and the affected plants account for 81.6 % of the total number of investigations. Ajania pacifica and others had good resistance to pests and diseases, but Henan wild chrysanthemum and others infected with whiteflies and sooty blotch diseases were extremely serious. The investigation results provided evidence for screening resistant breeding materials.