不同行距与苗带宽度互作对宽幅精播小麦产量形成的影响

Effects of Different Line Spacing and Seedling Belt Width on Yield Formation of Broad-Width Fine Sowing Wheat

为探明不同行距、不同苗带宽度互作对小麦产量形成的影响,完善小麦宽幅精播配套栽培技术,选用高产冬小麦品种山农28为材料,采用裂区设计(主区播种行距分别为20、25、30 cm;副区苗带宽度分别为3、5、7、9、11 cm),研究了不同行距与苗带宽度配置对小麦群体动态、干物质积累与转运及产量的影响。结果表明,行距20 cm时,5 cm苗带宽度种植的小麦干物质积累量和产量较高;行距25 cm时,配置苗带宽度9 cm的小麦干物质积累量和产量均达到较高水平;行距30 cm时,苗带宽度11 cm种植的小麦干物质积累量和产量较高。综合分析认为,山农28采用行距25 cm配置苗带9 cm种植,可实现产量构成三因素的协调,获得最高产量。因此,合理的种植苗带宽度和行距配置是实现宽幅播种小麦高产的重要技术途径。

In order to explore the interaction effects of line spacing and seedling belt width on wheat yield formation and improve the cultivation techniques of broad-width and fine seeding of wheat, a high-yielding winter wheat cultivar Shannong 28 was selected as material. Using the split plot design, the main plot was set line spacing as 20, 25 cm and 30 cm, respectively, and the sub-plot was set seedling belt width as 3, 5, 7, 9 cm and 11 cm, respectively. Then the population dynamics, dry matter accumulation and transportation and yield of wheat were studied under the experiment conditions. The results showed that under the line spacing as 20 cm, the dry matter accumulation and yield of winter wheat with the seedling belt width of 5 cm were higher. When the line spacing was 25 cm, the dry matter accumulation and yield under the seedling belt width of 9 cm reached a high level. Under the line spacing as 30 cm, the Shannong 28 achieved higher dry matter accumulation and yield with the seedling belt width of 11 cm. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the suitable treatment for Shannong 28 were 25 cm of line spacing and 9 cm of seedling belt width, which could realize the coordination of the three factors of yield composition and get higher yield. Therefore, the reasonable line spacing and seedling belt width were the important technical ways to realize high yield of wheat.