电动汽车大功率快充对充电电缆温度的影响

Research on the Temperature of Charging Cable during High-Power Fast Charging to Electric Vehicles

电动汽车大功率快充时,充电电缆会承受较大的电流,同时产生大量的热量,使得电缆因热量累积而升温,缩短电缆使用寿命,甚至造成物理损坏而引发漏电等事故。本文建立充电电缆热过程的数值模型,对其温度场进行仿真模拟,发现在保持额定充电电流的情况下,标准电缆的安全性是可靠的,但若要进一步加大充电功率、充电电流,电缆绝缘层的温度会超出安全上限,无法安全工作,需要辅以额外的散热措施。

During the process of high-power fast charging of electric vehicles, large current will pass through the charging cable, leading to a lot of heat generation. Excessive heat accumulation will increase the temperature, shortening the cable life, and even leading to physical damage to the cable and arousing safety accidents. In this paper, the thermal process of charging cable during charging was numerically studied. It was found that the safety of the cable was reliable when the charging current was less than the nominal value. When the charging power and current are further increased, the temperature at the insulation layer of the cable will exceed the safety upper limit and the cable cannot work safely, indicating additional auxiliary heat dissipation measures must be taken.